Effects of calcium silicate-based cements on odonto/osteogenic differentiation potential in mesenchymal stem cells
Australian Endodontic Journal. 2023;49(1):66-74.
ABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to evaluate the biological effects and odonto/osteogenic differentiation potential of Biodentine, NeoMTA Plus and TheraCal LC in tooth germ-derived stem cells (TGSCs). TGSCs were exposed to the material extracts. Biocompatibility was tested with MTS cell proliferation assay. Odonto/osteogenic differentiation was assessed with alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mRNA gene expressions (RUNX2, DSPP and DMP-1). Scanning electronic microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM/EDX) analysis and pH analysis were also performed for the materials. Data were evaluated using the one-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests. TGSCs remained viable after 7 days of incubation with all tested materials. Biodentine and NeoMTA Plus showed high ALP activity and increased expression of RUNX2, DSPP and DMP-1 compared to that of TheraCal LC. All materials can induce odonto/osteogenic differentiation of MSCs in various levels. Biocompatibility and odonto/osteogenic differentiation potential of Biodentine and NeoMTA Plus are similar and superior to that of TheraCal LC.
KEYWORDS
calcium silicates · mesenchymal stem cells · odonto/osteogenic differentiation · pulp capping · vital pulp therapy
STUDY SUMMARY
This in vitro study exposed tooth germ-derived stem cells to extracts of three calcium silicate-based cements for seven days, measuring cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity and expression of the RUNX2, DSPP and DMP-1 genes, alongside SEM/EDX and pH analysis of the materials. Cells remained viable with all three materials, and Biodentine and NeoMTA Plus produced higher alkaline phosphatase activity and gene expression than TheraCal LC. Within this cell-culture model all three materials induced odonto/osteogenic differentiation to differing degrees.